uhlobo oluthile lwereferensi yerabha yesilicone olusekwe kwi-halogen-free flame retardants

Nazi iindlela ezintlanu zoyilo lwerabha yesilicone ezisekelwe kwizixhobo zokuthintela umlilo ezingenayo i-halogen, ezibandakanya izixhobo zokuthintela umlilo ezibonelelwa ngumthengi (i-aluminium hypophosphite, i-zinc borate, i-MCA, i-aluminium hydroxide, kunye ne-ammonium polyphosphate). Ezi zixhobo zijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-flame ayisebenzi kakuhle ngelixa zinciphisa ubungakanani bezongezo ukunciphisa impembelelo kwiimpawu zoomatshini zerabha yesilicone.

1. Inkqubo yeFlame eSibalelayo yePhosphorus-Nitrogen (Uhlobo lweChar-Forming oluSebenza kakuhle)

Ithagethi: UL94 V-0, umsi omncinci, ufanelekile kwiindlela zokusetyenziswa zobushushu obuphakathi ukuya kobuphezulu

Irabha esisiseko: Irabha ye-silicone ye-Methyl vinyl (VMQ, i-100 phr)

Izinto ezithintela ilangatye:

• I-aluminium hypophosphite (i-AHP, esekelwe kwi-phosphorus): 15 phr
• Inika umthombo we-phosphorus osebenzayo, ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-char, kwaye ithintela ukutsha kwegesi.
• I-Melamine cyanurate (i-MCA, esekelwe kwi-nitrogen): 10 iphr
• Isebenzisana ne-phosphorus, ikhupha iigesi ezingasebenziyo, kwaye inciphisa ioksijini.
• I-Zinc borate (ZnB): 5 iphr
• Ivuselela ukwakheka kwe-char, ithintela umsi, kwaye iphucula uzinzo lwe-char layer.
• I-aluminium hydroxide (ATH, indlela yekhemikhali, 1.6–2.3 μm): 20 phr
• Ukubola kwe-endothermic, ukuthintela ilangatye okuncediswayo, kunye nokusasazeka ngcono.

Izongezo:

• Ioyile ye-silicone ye-Hydroxyl (2 phr, iphucula ukuqhubekeka kwayo)
• I-silica efumileyo (10 phr, ukuqinisa)
• Iarhente yokunyanga (iDiperoxide, 0.8 phr)

Iimbonakalo:

• Umthwalo opheleleyo we-flame retardant ~50 phr, ukulinganisela i-flame retardancy kunye neempawu zoomatshini.
• Ukusebenzisana kwe-phosphorus-nitrogen (AHP + MCA) kunciphisa ubungakanani obufunekayo bezinto ezithintela ilangatye nganye.

2. Inkqubo yokuGxotha iLanga engaphakathi (Uhlobo oluphantsi lokulayisha)

Ithagethi: UL94 V-1/V-0, ifanelekile kwiimveliso ezincinci

Irabha esisiseko: VMQ (iiphr ezili-100)

Izinto ezithintela ilangatye:

• I-Ammonium polyphosphate (i-APP, esekelwe kwi-phosphorus-nitrogen): 12 phr
• Umongo wokwakheka kwetshani engaphakathi kwesisu, kunye nokuhambelana okuhle nerabha yesilicone.
• I-aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 8 iphr
• Umthombo we-phosphorus owongezelelweyo, unciphisa i-APP hygroscopicity.
• I-Zinc borate (ZnB): 5 iphr
• I-synergistic char catalysis kunye nokunciphisa i-drip.
• I-aluminium hydroxide (egayiweyo, 3–20 μm): 15 phr
• Isixhobo sokuthintela ilangatye esingabizi kakhulu, sinciphisa ukulayisha kwe-APP.

Izongezo:

• Ioyile ye-vinyl silicone (3 phr, iplastiki)
• I-silica evuthulukileyo (15 phr, ukuqinisa)
• Inkqubo yokunyanga yeplatinum (0.1% Pt)

Iimbonakalo:

• Umthwalo opheleleyo othintela ilangatye malunga nama-40 phr, usebenza kakuhle kwiimveliso ezincinci ngenxa yendlela yokungena kwesisu.
• I-APP ifuna unyango lomphezulu (umz., i-silane coupling agent) ukuthintela ukufuduka.

3. Inkqubo ye-Aluminium Hydroxide eKhawulezayo (Uhlobo oluSebenza ngexabiso eliphantsi)

Ithagethi: UL94 V-0, ifanelekile kwiimveliso okanye kwiintambo ezixineneyo

Irabha esisiseko: VMQ (iiphr ezili-100)

Izinto ezithintela ilangatye:

• I-aluminium hydroxide (ATH, indlela yekhemikhali, 1.6–2.3 μm): 50 phr
• I-primary flame retardant, i-endothermic decomposition, ubungakanani obuncinci beesuntswana ukuze kubekho ukusasazwa okungcono.
• I-aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 5 iphr
• Iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokwakhiwa kwe-char, inciphisa ukulayisha kwe-ATH.
• I-Zinc borate (ZnB): 3 iphr
• Ukunciphisa umsi kunye nokuchasa ukukhanya.

Izongezo:

• Iarhente yokudibanisa iSilane (KH-550, i-1 phr, iphucula ujongano lwe-ATH)
• I-silica efumileyo (8 phr, ukuqinisa)
• Ukucoca i-peroxide (DCP, i-1 phr)

Iimbonakalo:

• Umthwalo opheleleyo othintela ilangatye yi-~58 phr, kodwa i-ATH iyona iphambili ekusebenziseni kakuhle iindleko.
• Ubungakanani obuncinci be-ATH bunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okutsalwa.

4. Inkqubo ye-Aluminium Hypophosphite (AHP) ezimeleyo

Isicelo: UL94 V-1/V-2, okanye apho imithombo ye-nitrogen ingafunekiyo (umz., ukuphepha ukugqwala kwe-MCA okuchaphazela imbonakalo).

Ifomula Ecetyiswayo:

• Irabha esisiseko: VMQ (iiphr ezili-100)
• I-aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 20–30 phr
• Umxholo ophezulu we-phosphorus (40%); i-20 ph inika i-8% ye-phosphorus ekuthinteleni ilangatye.
• Kwi-UL94 V-0, yonyuka iye kwi-30 phr (ingaphazamisa iipropati zoomatshini).
• Isigcwalisi sokuQinisa: I-Silica (10–15 phr, igcina amandla)
• Izongezo: Ioyile ye-Hydroxyl silicone (2 phr, ukuqhubekeka kokusebenza) + iarhente yokunyanga (inkqubo yeDiperoxide okanye yeplatinum).

Iimbonakalo:

• Ixhomekeke kwi-condensed-phase flame retardancy (ukwakheka kwe-char), iphucula kakhulu i-LOI kodwa inomsi omncinci ocinyiweyo.
• Umthwalo ophezulu (>25 phr) unokwenza izinto ziqine; ndicebisa ukuba wongeze i-3-5 phr ZnB ukuphucula umgangatho we-char.

5. I-Aluminium Hypophosphite (AHP) + i-MCA Blend

Isicelo: UL94 V-0, umthwalo ophantsi kunye nentsebenziswano ethintela ilangatye yesigaba segesi.

Ifomula Ecetyiswayo:

• Irabha esisiseko: VMQ (iiphr ezili-100)
• I-aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 12–15 iph.
• Umthombo we-phosphorus wokwakheka kwe-char.
• I-MCA: 8–10 iph.
• Umthombo we-nitrogen we-PN synergy, ukhupha iigesi ezingasebenziyo (umz., i-NH₃) ukuze kuthintelwe ukwanda komlilo.
• Isigcwalisi sokuQinisa: I-Silica (iiphr ezili-10)
• Izongezo: Iarhente yokudibanisa iSilane (1 phr, uncedo lokusasazwa) + iarhente yokuphilisa.

Iimbonakalo:

• Umthwalo opheleleyo othintela ilangatye ~20–25 phr, uphantsi kakhulu kune-AHP ezimeleyo.
• I-MCA iyanciphisa imfuneko ye-AHP kodwa inokuchaphazela kancinci ukucaca (sebenzisa i-nano-MCA ukuba kufuneka ukucaca).

Isishwankathelo seNto yokuLungisa iLanga

Iingcebiso zovavanyo

1. Uvavanyo oluPhambili: AHP + MCA (15+10 phr). Ukuba i-V-0 ifikelelwe, yehlisa i-AHP kancinci kancinci (umz., 12+10 phr).
2. Uvavanyo lwe-AHP oluzimeleyo: Qala kwi-20 phr, unyuse nge-5 phr ukuze kuvavanywe i-LOI kunye ne-UL94, ujonge iipropati zoomatshini.
3. Ukunciphisa Umsi: Yongeza i-3–5 phr ZnB kuyo nayiphi na indlela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukulibaziseka komlilo.
4. Ukuphucula iindleko: Faka i-10–15 phr ATH ukunciphisa iindleko, nangona ukulayisha okupheleleyo kwezalisa kuyanda.

Inkqubo Yokuxuba Ecetyiswayo

(Ngerabha ye-silicone eyongeziweyo eneziqendu ezimbini)

1. Unyango lwangaphambi konyango lwerabha olusisiseko:

• Faka irabha ye-silicone (umz., i-107 gum, i-vinyl silicone oil) kwi-planetary mixer, uze ufake i-degas phantsi kwe-vacuum ukuba kuyimfuneko.

1. Ukongeza okuBuyisayo kweLanga:

• Izinto ezithintela ilangatye ezigutyungelweyo (umz., ATH, MH):
• Yongeza kwiibhetshi, xuba kwangaphambili ngerabha esisiseko (ukuxuba ngesantya esiphantsi, imizuzu eli-10–15) ukuze uphephe ukuhlangana.
• Yomisa kwi-80–120°C ukuba ayixutywanga.
• Izinto ezithintela ilangatye lolwelo (umz. iiphosphates):
• Xuba ngqo neoyile ye-silicone, i-crosslinker, njl.njl., phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu (imizuzu engama-20–30).

1. Ezinye izongezo:

• Yongeza ngokulandelelanayo izinto zokugcwalisa (umz., i-silica), i-crosslinker (i-hydrosilane), i-catalyst (iplatinum), kunye nezithinteli.

1. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-homogenization:

• Qhubeka ucoca ukusasazwa usebenzisa i-mill enemiqolo emithathu okanye i-emulsifier ene-high-shear (ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-nano-additives ezifana ne-CNTs).

1. Ukususa igesi kunye nokuhluza:

• I-vacuum degas (-0.095 MPa, imizuzu engama-30), isihluzi seemfuno zococeko oluphezulu.

Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Ukhetho oluBambelela ilangatye:
• Izinto ezithintela i-halogen (umz., i-ATH) zifuna ubungakanani obuncinci bee-particle (1–5 μm); umthwalo ogqithisileyo wonakalisa iipropati zoomatshini.
• Izinto ezigcina izinto ezingasebenziyo ezisekelwe kwi-silicone (umz., ii-phenyl silicone resins) zibonelela ngokuhambelana okungcono kodwa ngexabiso eliphezulu.
• Ulawulo lweNkqubo:
• Ubushushu obungaphezulu kwama-60°C (buthintela ubuthi be-platinum catalyst okanye ukubola kwangaphambi kwexesha).
• Umswakama ≤ 50% RH (uthintela ukusabela phakathi kweoyile ye-hydroxyl silicone kunye nezinto ezithintela ilangatye).

Isiphelo

• Imveliso enkulu: Xuba izinto ezithintela ilangatye kwangaphambili ngerabha esisiseko ukuze usebenze kakuhle.
• Iimfuneko Zokuzinza Okuphezulu: Xuba ngexesha lokuxuba ukuze kuncitshiswe iingozi zokugcina.
• Iinkqubo ezithintela iNano-Flame: Ukusasazwa okunyanzelekileyo okunokusika okuphezulu ukuthintela ukuhlangana.

More info., pls contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com