Intshayelelo kwiNitrogen-Based Flame Retardants yeNayiloni

Intshayelelo kwiNitrogen-Based Flame Retardants yeNayiloni

I-nitrogen-based retardants ye-flame retardants ibonakaliswe yityhefu ephantsi, i-non-corrosiveness, i-thermal kunye ne-UV ukuzinza, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-flame-retardant, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Nangona kunjalo, ukusilela kwabo kubandakanya ubunzima bokucubungula kunye nokusasazwa okungalunganga kwi-polymer matrix. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ze-nitrogen-based retardants ze-nylon ziquka i-MCA (i-melamine cyanrate), i-melamine, kunye ne-MPP (i-melamine polyphosphate).

Umatshini wokunqanda amadangatye ubandakanya imiba emibini:

1. "I-Sublimation kunye ne-Endothermic" i-Physical Mechanism: I-retardant ye-flame retardant inciphisa ubushushu bomphezulu we-polymer imathiriyeli kwaye iwubeke ngaphandle emoyeni ngokusebenzisa i-sublimation kunye nokufunxa ubushushu.
2. I-Catalytic Carbonization kunye ne-Intumescent Mechanism kwiSigaba esiQinisekileyo: I-flame retardant isebenzisana ne-nylon, ikhuthaza i-carbonization ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokwandiswa.

I-MCA ibonisa imisebenzi emibini kwinkqubo ye-flame-retardant, ekhuthaza zombini i-carbonization kunye ne-foaming. Indlela yokunqanda umlilo kunye nokusebenza kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenayiloni. Izifundo kwi-MCA kunye ne-MPP kwi-PA6 kunye ne-PA66 zityhila ukuba ezi zithinteli zomlilo zibangela ukudibanisa kwi-PA66 kodwa zikhuthaza ukuthotywa kwe-PA6, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungcono kwe-flame-retardant kwi-PA66 kune-PA6.

1. I-Melamine Cyanurate (MCA)

I-MCA idityaniswe kwi-melamine kunye ne-cyanuric acid emanzini, yenze i-hydrogen-bonded adduct. Yeyona nto igqwesileyo i-halogen-free, i-low-toxicity, kunye ne-low-cutting flame retardant edla ngokusetyenziswa kwiipholima zenayiloni. Nangona kunjalo, i-MCA yendabuko inomlinganiselo ophezulu wokunyibilika (ukubola kunye ne-sublimating ngaphezu kwe-400 ° C) kwaye inokudityaniswa kuphela kunye ne-resin kwifom ye-particle eqinile, ekhokelela ekuhlakazekeni okungalinganiyo kunye nobukhulu be-particle enkulu, echaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwe-flame-retardant. Ukongezelela, i-MCA isebenza ngokuyinhloko kwisigaba segesi, okukhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-char ephantsi kunye nokukhululeka, i-carbon layers engakhuselekanga ngexesha lokutsha.

Ukujongana nale miba, itekhnoloji ye-molecular composite isetyenziselwe ukuguqula i-MCA ngokwazisa i-complementary flame-retardant additive (WEX), ethoba indawo yokunyibilika ye-MCA, eyenza ukunyibilika kunye kunye ne-ultra-fine dispersion kunye ne-PA6. I-WEX iphinda iphucule ukubunjwa kwe-char ngexesha lokutsha, ukuphucula umgangatho wekhabhoni kunye nokuqinisa i-condensed-phase-flame-retardant effect ye-MCA, ngaloo ndlela ivelisa izinto ezithintela ilangatye kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo.

2. I-Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR)

I-IFR yinkqubo ebalulekileyo ye-halogen-free flame-retardant. Izibonelelo zayo ngaphezu kwe-halogenated flame retardants ziquka ukukhutshwa komsi ophantsi kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi engeyona inetyhefu ngexesha lokutsha. Ngapha koko, i-char layer eyenziwe yi-IFR inokufunxa i-polymer etyhidiweyo, evuthayo, ithintele ukuvuza kunye nokusasazeka komlilo.

Amacandelo aphambili e-IFR aquka:

• Umthombo werhasi (ikhompawundi ezisekwe kwimelamine)
• Umthombo we-Acid (i-phosphorus-nitrogen retardants yomlilo)
• Umthombo wekhabhoni (nayiloni ngokwayo)
• Izongezo ze-Synergistic (umzekelo, i-zinc borate, i-aluminium hydroxide) kunye ne-anti-dripping agents.

Xa ubungakanani bobunzima be-phosphorus-nitrogen retardants ye-flame retardants kwi-melamine-based compounds yile:

• Ngaphantsi kwe-1%: Isiphumo esingonelanga sokubuyiswa komlilo.
• Ngaphezulu kwe-30%: Ukuguquguquka kwenzeka ngexesha lokucubungula.
• Phakathi kwe-1% -30% (ingakumbi i-7% -20%): Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-flame-retardant ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukuqhubekeka.

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