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Ukuguqulwa kokwenziwa kweHalogen-Free Flame Retardant PVC yesikhumba

Ukuguqulwa kokwenziwa kweHalogen-Free Flame Retardant PVC yesikhumba

Intshayelelo

Umxhasi uvelisa i-PVC yesikhumba e-flame-retardant kunye ne-antimony trioxide esetyenziswe ngaphambili (Sb₂O₃). Ngoku bajonge ukuphelisa i-Sb₂O₃ kwaye batshintshele kwii-halogen-free flame retardants. Ukuqulunqwa kwangoku kubandakanya i-PVC, i-DOP, i-EPOXY, i-BZ-500, i-ST, i-HICOAT-410, kunye ne-antimony. Ukutshintshwa kwi-antimony-based based PVC yesikhumba kwi-halogen-free-flame-retardant system ibonisa ukuphuculwa okubalulekileyo kwezobuchwepheshe. Olu tshintsho aluhambelani kuphela nemimiselo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo (umz., RoHS, REACH) kodwa ikwaphakamisa umfanekiso “oluhlaza” wemveliso kunye nokhuphiswano lwemarike.

Imingeni engundoqo

  1. Ilahleko yeSiphumo seSynergistic:
    • I-Sb₂O₃ ayisiyiyo i-flame retardant eyomeleleyo ngokwayo kodwa ibonisa iziphumo ezigqwesileyo ze-synergistic flame-retardant kunye ne-chlorine kwi-PVC, iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukususa i-antimony kufuna ukufumana enye inkqubo ye-halogen-free ephindaphinda le synergy.
  2. UkuSebenza ngokuBamba amadangatya:
    • I-Halogen-free flame retardants isoloko ifuna ukulayishwa okuphezulu ukufikelela kwi-retard-flame-retardant ratings (umz., UL94 V-0), enokuthi ibe nefuthe kwiimpawu zoomatshini (ukuthamba, ukomelela, ukomelela), ukusetyenzwa komsebenzi, kunye neendleko.
  3. Iimpawu zesikhumba zePVC:
    • Isikhumba sePVC sifuna ukuthamba okugqwesileyo, ukuvakala kwesandla, ukugqitywa komphezulu (ukufaka i-embossing, ukukhazimla), ukumelana nemozulu, ukuxhathisa kokufuduka, kunye nokuguquguquka okuphantsi kobushushu. Uqulunqo olutsha kufuneka lugcine okanye lungqinelane ngokusondeleyo nezi propati.
  4. Ukuqhubekiswa koMsebenzi:
    • Ukulayishwa okuphezulu kwe-halogen-free fillers (umzekelo, i-ATH) inokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwe-nyibilika kunye nokuzinza kokucubungula.
  5. Ukuqwalaselwa kweendleko:
    • Ezinye ii-halogen-free flame retardants ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu zibiza imali eninzi, nto leyo efuna ukulingana phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko.

Isicwangciso-qhinga sokuKhetha iiNkqubo zeHalogen-eSimahla kwiNkangala yokuKhawuleza (yePVC yesikhumba sokwenziwa)

1. I-Primary Flame Retardants-Metal Hydroxides

  • I-Aluminiyam ye-Trihydroxide (ATH):
    • Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo, ingabizi kakhulu.
    • I-Mechanism: Ukubola kwe-Endothermic (~ 200 ° C), ukukhulula umphunga wamanzi ukuze udibanise iigesi ezinokutsha kunye ne-oxygen ngelixa usenza umaleko okhuselayo.
    • Ukungaphumeleli: Ukusebenza okuphantsi, ukulayisha okuphezulu okufunekayo (40-70 phr), kunciphisa kakhulu ukuthamba, ukunyusa, kunye nokuqhubekeka; iqondo lobushushu lokubola liphantsi.
  • IMagnesium Hydroxide (MDH):
    • Ubushushu obuphezulu bokubola (~ 340 ° C), bufaneleke ngcono ukusetyenzwa kwePVC (160-200 ° C).
    • Ukungaphumeleli: Ukulayisha okuphezulu okufanayo (40-70 phr) kuyadingeka; ixabiso eliphezulu kancinci kune-ATH; inokuba nokufunxa okuphezulu kokufuma.

Isicwangciso:

  • Ukhetha i-MDH okanye i-ATH/MDH umxube (umzekelo, i-70/30) ukulungelelanisa iindleko, ukulungelelaniswa kweqondo lokushisa, kunye nokunciphisa umlilo.
  • Ukunyangwa komphezulu (umzekelo, i-silane-dityanisiwe) i-ATH/MDH iphucula ukuhambelana nePVC, ithomalalisa ukuthotywa kwepropathi, kwaye yongeza ukusilela komlilo.

2. I-Synergists i-Flame Retardant

Ukunciphisa ukulayisha okuphambili kwedangatye kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ii-synergists zibalulekile:

  • I-Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants: Ilungele iinkqubo zePVC ezingenayo i-halogen.
    • I-Ammonium Polyphosphate (i-APP): Ikhuthaza ukutsha, yenze umaleko wokugquma we-intumescent.
      • Qaphela: Sebenzisa amabanga aphezulu ukumelana nobushushu (umzekelo, iSigaba II, >280°C) ukunqanda ukubola ngexesha lokulungiswa. Ezinye ii-APPs zinokuchaphazela ukungafihli kunye nokunganyangeki kwamanzi.
    • I-Aluminium Diethylphosphinate (ADP): Isebenza kakuhle, imithwalo ephantsi (5-20 phr), impembelelo encinci kwiipropati, ukuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal.
      • I-drawback: Iindleko eziphezulu.
    • I-Phosphate Esters (umz., i-RDP, i-BDP, i-TCPP): Isebenza njengeplastiki ebuyisela amadangatye.
      • Iinzuzo: Indima emibini (iplastiki + i-flame retardant).
      • I-Cons: Iimolekyuli ezincinci (umzekelo, i-TCPP) zinokufuduka / ziguquguquke; I-RDP/BDP inokusebenza kakuhle kweplastiki kune-DOP kwaye inokunciphisa ukuguquguquka okuphantsi kobushushu.
  • IZinc Borate (ZB):
    • Ixabiso eliphantsi, i-multifunctional (i-flame retardant, isithinteli somsi, umgqugquzeli we-char, anti-dripping). Isebenzisana kakuhle ne-ATH/MDH kunye ne-phosphorus-nitrogen iinkqubo. Ukulayisha okuqhelekileyo: 3–10 phr.
  • IZinc Stanate/Hydroxy Stanate:
    • Izinto ezigqwesileyo zokucinezela umsi kunye nee-synergists ezibuyisela idangatye, ngakumbi kwiipholima ezine-chlorine (umzekelo, i-PVC). Inokutshintsha ngokuyinxenye indima ye-antimony's synergistic. Ukulayisha okuqhelekileyo: 2–8 phr.
  • IiCompounds zeMolybdenum (umz., MoO₃, Ammonium Molybdate):
    • Izixhobo zokuthintela umsi ezinamandla kunye ne-flame retardant synergy. Ukulayisha okuqhelekileyo: 2-5 phr.
  • Nano Fillers (umz., Nanoclay):
    • Ukulayishwa okuphantsi (3-8 phr) kuphucula ukutshatyalaliswa komlilo (ukwenziwa kwe-char, ukunciphisa izinga lokukhutshwa kobushushu) kunye neempawu zomatshini. Ukusasazwa kubalulekile.

3. IziXhobo zoMsi

I-PVC ivelisa umsi onzima ngexesha lokutsha. Amachiza angenayo i-halogen kaninzi afuna ukuthotywa komsi. I-Zinc borate, i-zinc stannate, kunye ne-molybdenum compounds lukhetho oluhle kakhulu.

Ulwakhiwo olucetywayo lweHalogen-Simahlamvu esiRetardant (Ngokusekwe kuyilo loQoqo loMthengi)

Ithagethi: Ukufezekisa i-UL94 V-0 (1.6 mm okanye ngaphezulu) ngelixa ugcina ukuthamba, ukuqhubekeka, kunye neempawu eziphambili.

Iingqikelelo:

  • Indlela yokuqala:
    • I-DOP: 50-70 phr (iplastiki).
    • ST: Mhlawumbi i-stearic acid (i-lubricant).
    • HICOAT-410: Ca / Zn ukuzinzisa.
    • BZ-500: Mhlawumbi i-lubricant/processing aid (ukuqinisekisa).
    • I-EPOXY: Ioyile yeembotyi zesoya epoxidized (co-stabilizer/plasticizer).
    • I-Antimony: Sb₂O₃ (iya kususwa).

1. ISikhokelo sokuqulunqa esicetyiswayo (nge-100 phr PVC resin)

Icandelo Umsebenzi Iyalayisha (phr) Amanqaku
I-PVC Resin Isiseko sepolymer 100 Ubunzima obuphakathi / obuphezulu bemolekyuli bokulungelelaniswa kokulungiswa / iipropathi.
IPlasticizer yokuqala Ukuthamba 40–60 UKhetho A (Iindleko/uLungelwano loMsebenzi): I-phosphate ester engaphelelanga (umz., RDP/BDP, 10–20 phr) + DOTP/DINP (30–50 phr). UKhetho B (UbuPhakathi boBubushushu obuphantsi): DOTP/DINP (50–70 phr) + i-PN esebenzayo yokubuyiswa komlilo (umz., ADP, 10–15 phr). Injongo: Tshatisa ukuthamba koqobo.
I-Primary Flame Retardant Ukuncipha komlilo, ukuncitshiswa komsi 30–50 I-MDH ephathwe ngomphezulu okanye i-MDH/ATH blend (umz., 70/30). Ukucoceka okuphezulu, ubungakanani bamasuntswana alungileyo, aphathwe ngomphezulu. Lungisa ukulayishwa kwethagethi yelangatye ekujoliswe kulo.
PN Synergist Ukungasebenzi kakuhle komlilo, ukunyuswa kwe-char 10–20 Ukhetho lwe-1: I-APP ephezulu yokushisa (iSigaba II). Ukhetho lwe-2: I-ADP (ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukulayisha okuphantsi, ixabiso eliphezulu). Ukhetho lwe-3: Iiplastiki ze-phosphate ester (RDP / BDP) - zilungelelanise ukuba sele zisetyenziswe njengeplastiki.
I-Synergist / I-Sppressant yomsi Ukomelezwa kokuphela komlilo, ukunciphisa umsi 5–15 I-combo ecetyiswayo: I-Zinc borate (5–10 phr) + i-zinc stannate (3–8 phr). Ukuzikhethela: MoO₃ (2–5 phr).
I-Ca/Zn Stabilizer (HICOAT-410) Ukuzinza kwe-Thermal 2.0–4.0 Okubalulekileyo! Ukulayisha okuphezulu kancinci kunokufuneka xa kuthelekiswa nokwakheka kwe-Sb₂O₃.
I-Epoxidized Soy Oil (EPOXY) Co-stabilizer, plasticizer 3.0–8.0 Gcina ukuzinza kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kobushushu.
Izithambisi Uncedo lokucubungula, ukukhutshwa komngundo 1.0–2.5 I-ST (i-stearic acid): 0.5-1.5 phr. BZ-500: 0.5-1.0 phr (lungisa ngokusekelwe kumsebenzi). Lungiselela ukulayishwa kwezihluzi eziphezulu.
UNcedo loLungiselelo (umzekelo, iACR) Amandla anyibilikayo, hamba 0.5–2.0 Iyimfuneko kwimixube yokugcwaliswa okuphezulu. Ukuphucula ukugqitywa komphezulu kunye nemveliso.
Ezinye izongezo Njengoko kufuneka - Imibala, i-UV stabilizers, biocides, njl.

2. Ukuqulunqwa koMzekelo (Kufuna uQeqesho)

Icandelo Uhlobo Iyalayisha (phr)
I-PVC Resin K-ixabiso ~ 65-70 100.0
IPlasticizer yokuqala I-DOTP/DINP 45.0
I-Phosphate Ester Plasticizer iRDP 15.0
I-MDH eNyangelwe phezulu - 40.0
I-APP ye-High-Temp Isigaba II 12.0
Zinc Borate ZB 8.0
Zinc Stanate ZS 5.0
Ca/Zn ukuzinzisa HICOAT-410 3.5
I-Epoxidized Oli yeembotyi zesoya I-EPOXY 5.0
I-Stearic Acid ST 1.0
BZ-500 Isithambiso 1.0
Uncedo loLungiselelo lwe-ACR - 1.5
Imibala, njl. - Njengoko kufuneka

Amanyathelo oPhumezo olubalulekileyo

  1. Qinisekisa iiNkcukacha zeMathiriyeli ekrwada:
    • Cacisa iimpawu zemichiza yeBZ-500kwayeST(jongana nomthengisi weedatha).
    • Qinisekisa ulayisho oluchanekileyo lweDOP,I-EPOXY, kwayeHICOAT-410.
    • Chaza iimfuno zomxhasi: I-Target flame retardancy (umzekelo, ubukhulu be-UL94), ukuthamba (ubunzima), ukusetyenziswa (imoto, ifenitshala, iingxowa?), Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo (ukumelana nokubanda, ukuzinza kwe-UV, ukuxhathisa kwe-abrasion?), imida yeendleko.
  2. Khetha amaBanga aKhethekileyo aBuyiselwa lidangatya:
    • Cela iisampuli ze-halogen-free flame retardant ezenzelwe ufele lwePVC kubaboneleli.
    • Beka phambili i-ATH/MDH enyangwe phezulu ukuze usasazeke ngcono.
    • Kwi-APP, sebenzisa amabanga aphezulu ukumelana nobushushu.
    • Kwi-phosphate esters, khetha i-RDP/BDP kune-TCPP yokufuduka okusezantsi.
  3. Uvavanyo lweLab-Scale & Option:
    • Lungiselela iibhetshi ezincinci ezinomthwalo ohlukeneyo (umzekelo, lungisa umlinganiselo we-MDH/APP/ZB/ZS).
    • Ukuxuba: Sebenzisa imixube enesantya esiphezulu (umzekelo, iHenschel) ukusasaza okufanayo. Yongeza ulwelo (iplastiki, izizinzi) kuqala, emva koko umgubo.
    • Uvavanyo lokuqhuba: Uvavanyo kwizixhobo zokuvelisa (umzekelo, iBanbury mixer + calendering). Ukubeka iliso ixesha plastification, viscosity nyibilika, torque, umgangatho umphezulu.
    • Uvavanyo lokuSebenza:
      • Ukuncipha komlilo: UL94, LOI.
      • Iimpawu zeMechanical: Ukuqina (Unxweme A), ukomelela okuqinileyo, ubude.
      • Ukuthamba/ukuziva kwesandla: Iimvavanyo zokuthobela + ubulukhuni.
      • Ukuguquguquka okuphantsi kobushushu: Uvavanyo lokugoba olubandayo.
      • Ukuzinza kweThermal: Uvavanyo olubomvu lwaseCongo.
      • Imbonakalo: Umbala, iglosi, i-embossing.
      • (Ngokuzithandela) Ubuninzi bomsi: Igumbi lomsi le-NBS.
  4. Ukusombulula iingxaki kunye nokuNxulumanisa:
Khupha Isisombululo
Ukubuyiswa komlilo okungonelanga Ukwandisa i-MDH/ATH okanye i-APP; yongeza i-ADP; yenza ngcono iZB/ZS; qinisekisa ukusasazwa.
Iimpawu zoomatshini ezingalunganga (umzekelo, ubude obuphantsi) Ukunciphisa i-MDH/ATH; ukwandisa i-PN synergist; sebenzisa iifayili ezifakwe phezulu; lungisa iiplasticizers.
Ubunzima bokucubungula (i-viscosity ephezulu, umgangatho ombi) Lungiselela izithambiso; ukwandisa i-ACR; khangela ukuxuba; lungisa isantya/isantya.
Iindleko eziphezulu Lungiselela ukulayisha; sebenzisa i-ATH / MDH edibeneyo eneendleko; vavanya ezinye iindlela.
  1. Ulingo kunye neMveliso: Emva kokulungiswa kwelebhu, yenza ulingo lokulinga ukuqinisekisa uzinzo, ukungaguquguquki, kunye neendleko. Ukwandisa kuphela emva kokuqinisekiswa.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwi-antimony-based ukuya kwi-halogen-free-flame-retardant yesikhumba sePVC sinokwenzeka kodwa sifuna uphuhliso olucwangcisiweyo. Indlela engundoqo idibanisa i-hydroxides yensimbi (ngokukhethekileyo i-MDH ephathwayo), i-phosphorus-nitrogen synergists (i-APP okanye i-ADP), kunye ne-multifunctional sppressants (i-zinc borate, i-zinc stannate). Kwangaxeshanye, ukwenza ngcono iiplasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, and processing aids kubalulekile.

Izitshixo zeMpumelelo:

  1. Chaza iithagethi ezicacileyo kunye nezithintelo (ukungabikho komlilo, iipropati, iindleko).
  2. Khetha i-halogen-free flame retardants eqinisekisiweyo (izigcwalisi eziphathwa ngaphezulu, i-APP yobushushu obuphezulu).
  3. Ukuqhuba uvavanyo olungqongqo lwelebhu (ukungabikho komlilo, iipropati, ukusetyenzwa).
  4. Qinisekisa ukuxuba okufanayo kunye nokuhambelana kwenkqubo.

    More info., you can contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com

Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-12-2025
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