I-phosphorus-based retardants ye-flame retardants luhlobo lwe-high-effective, oluthembekileyo, kunye nolusetyenziswa ngokubanzi lwe-flame retardants oluye lwafumana ingqalelo ebalulekileyo kubaphandi. Impumelelo ephawulekayo yenziwe ekudibaneni nasekusetyenzisweni kwayo.
1. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardants kwi-PP
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zepolypropylene (PP) zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizicelo zayo zoshishino. Nangona kunjalo, isalathisi sayo se-oksijini esilinganiselweyo (LOI) sijikeleze i-17.5% kuphela, okwenza ukuba ivuthe kakhulu kunye nesantya sokutshisa ngokukhawuleza. Ixabiso lezinto ze-PP kwizicelo zoshishino ziphenjelelwa yizo zombini i-flame retardancy kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-microencapsulation kunye nokuguqulwa komphezulu kube yeyona ndlela iphambili kwizixhobo zePP ezibuyiswa ngamadangatya.
Umzekelo 1: I-Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) iguqulwe nge-silane coupling agent (KH-550) kunye nesisombululo se-silicone se-ethanol ethanol sisetyenziswe kwizinto ze-PP. Xa i-mass fraction ye-APP eguquliweyo ifikelele kwi-22%, i-LOI yezinto eziphathekayo iye yanda ukuya kwi-30.5%, ngelixa iipropati zayo ze-mechanical nazo zahlangabezana neemfuno kunye nezixhobo ze-PP ezigqithisiweyo ze-flame-retacted nge-APP engaguqukiyo.
Umzekelo 2: I-APP yayifakwe kwiqokobhe elenziwe nge-melamine (MEL), ioli ye-silicone ye-hydroxyl, kunye ne-formaldehyde resin nge-in-situ polymerization. Emva koko i-microcapsules idibaniswe ne-pentaerythritol kwaye isetyenziswe kwizinto ze-PP zokutshatyalaliswa komlilo. Izinto eziphathekayo zibonise ukungabikho komlilo obalaseleyo, kunye ne-LOI ye-32% kunye ne-vertical burning test rating ye-UL94 V-0. Kwanasemva kokunyangwa kokuntywiliselwa kwamanzi ashushu, i-composite igcine i-flame retardancy elungileyo kunye neempawu zoomatshini.
Umzekelo 3: I-APP yatshintshwa ngokuyigubungela nge-aluminium hydroxide (ATH), kwaye i-APP eguquliweyo idibaniswe ne-dipentaerythritol kwi-mass ratio ye-2.5: 1 yokusetyenziswa kwizinto ze-PP. Xa i-fraction mass mass ye-flame retardant yayiyi-25%, i-LOI yafikelela kwi-31.8%, ukulinganiswa kwe-flame retardancy kuphumelele i-V-0, kwaye izinga lokukhutshwa kobushushu lincitshiswe kakhulu.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardants kwi-PS
I-Polystyrene (PS) inokutsha kakhulu kwaye iyaqhubeka nokutshisa emva kokuba umthombo wokutshisa ususwe. Ukujongana nemiba efana nokukhutshwa kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokusasazeka komlilo okhawulezayo, i-halogen-free phosphorus-based retardants ye-flame retardants idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-PS flame retardancy. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokubuyiswa komlilo kwi-PS zibandakanya ukugquma, ukufakwa, ukuxubha, kunye ne-polymerization-stage retardancy flame.
Umzekelo 1: I-phosphorus-containing flame-retardant adhesive for expandable PS yenziwe nge-sol-gel method usebenzisa i-N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane kunye ne-phosphoric acid. I-foam ye-PS ye-flame-retardant yalungiswa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokwaleka. Xa izinga lokushisa lidlula i-700 ° C, i-foam ye-PS iphathwe nge-adhesive yenza i-char layer edlula i-49%.
Abaphandi kwihlabathi jikelele baye bazisa izakhiwo ezine-phosphorus-ezine-flame-retardant kwi-vinyl okanye i-acrylic compounds, ethi emva koko i-copolymerized kunye ne-styrene ukuvelisa inoveli ye-phosphorus-equlethe i-styrene copolymers. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba xa kuthelekiswa ne-PS ecocekileyo, i-phosphorus-containing styrene copolymers ibonisa ukuphuculwa kakhulu kwe-LOI kunye ne-char residue, ebonisa ukuzinza okuphezulu kwe-thermal kunye ne-flame retardancy.
Umzekelo 2: IVinyl-terinated oligomeric phosphate hybrid macromonomer (VOPP) yahlohlwa kumxokelelwano ongundoqo we-PS ngokuxutywa kwe-copolymerization. I-copolymer yogxunyekwa ibonise ukulibaziseka komlilo ngokusebenzisa indlela yesigaba esiqinileyo. Njengoko umxholo we-VOPP usanda, i-LOI yenyuka, iqondo eliphezulu lokukhutshwa kobushushu kunye nokukhutshwa kobushushu obupheleleyo kwehlile, kunye nokuthontsiza okunyibilikayo kwanyamalala, kubonisa iziphumo ezibalulekileyo zokubuyiswa komlilo.
Ukongezelela, i-inorganic phosphorus-based retardants ye-flame retardants inokudibaniswa ngokwekhemikhali kunye negraphite okanye i-nitrogen-based retardants ye-flame retardants ukuze isetyenziswe kwi-PS flame retardancy. Iindlela zokugquma okanye zokuxukuxa nazo zingasetyenziswa ukusebenzisa i-phosphorus-based retardants ye-flame retardants kwi-PS, ukuphucula kakhulu i-LOI yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nentsalela ye-char.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kweeFosphorus-Based Flame Retardants kwi-PA
I-Polyamide (PA) inokutsha kakhulu kwaye ivelisa umsi omkhulu ngexesha lokutsha. Ekubeni i-PA isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumacandelo kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki, umngcipheko weengozi zomlilo unzima kakhulu. Ngenxa yolwakhiwo lwe-amide kwikhonkco layo eliphambili, i-PA inokuphinda ibambezeleke ngamadangatye kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, kuzo zombini ezongezo kunye nezibuyisela idangatye ezisebenzayo zibonakala zisebenza kakhulu. Phakathi kwee-PA ezibuyiswa ngamadangatye, iityuwa zealkyl phosphinate zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu.
Umzekelo 1: I-Aluminium isobutylphosphinate (A-MBPa) yongezwa kwi-PA6 matrix ukulungiselela izinto ezidibeneyo. Ngexesha lokuvavanya ukubuyiswa komlilo, i-A-MBPa ibolile phambi kwe-PA6, yenza i-char layer eshinyeneyo kwaye ezinzileyo ekhusele i-PA6. Izinto eziphathekayo zizuze i-LOI ye-26.4% kunye ne-flame retardancy rating ye-V-0.
Umzekelo 2: Ngexesha le-polymerization ye-hexamethylenediamine kunye ne-adipic acid, i-3 wt% ye-flame retardant bis (2-carboxyethyl) i-methylphosphine oxide (CEMPO) yongezwa ukuvelisa i-PA66 ye-flame-retardant. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-PA66 ebuyisela idangatye ibonise ukulibaziseka okuphezulu komlilo xa kuthelekiswa ne-PA66 eqhelekileyo, ene-LOI ephezulu kakhulu. Uhlalutyo lomgangatho we-char lubonise ukuba indawo eshinyeneyo ye-char ye-PA66-retardant-retardant iqulethe iipores ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo, ezincede ukwahlukanisa ubushushu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwerhasi, ebonisa ukusebenza okubonakalayo kokungadanga kwamadangatya.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-15-2025
