Ukuncamathelisa / ukutywina/ Ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo zokuvala amadangatye
Indawo yokwakha:Ukufakwa kweengcango zomlilo, i-firewall, iibhodi zomlilo
Indawo yombane kunye nombane:Iibhodi zeesekethe, amacandelo e-elektroniki
Umzi mveliso weemoto:Izihlalo, iideshibhodi, iipaneli zeengcango
Indawo ye-Aerospace:Izixhobo zenqwelomoya, izakhiwo zeziphekepheke
Izinto zasekhaya:Ifenitshala, imigangatho, amaphephadonga
Itheyiphu yokuGqithisela encamathelayo eNcamayo eRetardant:Igqwesileyo kwiintsimbi, amagwebu kunye neeplastiki ezifana ne-polyethylene
Ukusebenza kweeRetardants zomlilo
Iiretardants zomlilo zinqanda okanye zilibazise ukusasazeka komlilo ngokucinezela ukuphendula kweekhemikhali kwilangatye okanye ngokwenza umaleko okhuselayo kumphezulu wento.
Zisenokuxutywa kunye nezinto ezisisiseko (i-additive flame retardants) okanye ziboshwe ngekhemikhali kuyo (i-retardants esebenzayo yomlilo).Imineral flame retardants iqhele ukongeza ngelixa iikhompawundi eziphilayo zinokuphinda zisebenze okanye zongezelelwe.
Ukuyila i-Fire-Retardant Adhesive
Umlilo unezigaba ezine:
Ukwaluka
Ukukhula
I-State State, kunye
Ukubola
Ukuthelekiswa koBubushushu boKuthotywa kweAdhesive ye-Thermoset eqhelekileyo
Nabo Bafikelelwe Kumanqanaba Ahlukeneyo Omlilo
Ilizwe ngalinye lineqondo lobushushu elihambelanayo njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso.Ekwenzeni i-adhesive-retardant adhesive, abaqulunqi kufuneka babeke iinzame zabo ekunikezeni ukumelana nobushushu kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lomlilo kwisicelo:
● Kwimveliso ye-elektroniki, umzekelo, i-adhesive kufuneka icinezele naluphi na utyekelo lwecandelo le-elektroniki lokubamba umlilo - okanye ukuqalisa - ukuba kukho ukunyuka okubangelwa yimpazamo kwiqondo lokushisa.
● Ukudibanisa iileyile okanye iipaneli, i-adhesives kufuneka ixhathise i-detachment kwizigaba zokukhula kunye nezimo ezizinzileyo, nangona zidibene ngqo nomlilo.
● Kwakhona kufuneka banciphise iigesi eziyityhefu kunye nomsi ophumayo.Izakhiwo zokuthwala imithwalo kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe nazo zonke izigaba ezine zomlilo.
Umjikelo wokuNqanda wokuNcumisa
Ukunciphisa umjikelo wokutsha, enye okanye ezininzi zeenkqubo ezinegalelo emlilweni kufuneka zisuswe nokuba:
● Ukuphelisa isibaso esiguqukayo, njengokupholisa
● Ukuveliswa kwesithintelo se-thermal, njengokutshisa, ngaloo ndlela kuphelisa amafutha ngokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, okanye
● Ukucima iintshukumo zamatyathanga edangatyeni, njengokongeza ii-scavengers ezifanelekileyo ezifanelekileyo
Izongezo ze-flame retardant zenza oku ngokwenza iikhemikhali kunye / okanye ngokomzimba kwisigaba esijikisiweyo (esiqinileyo) okanye kwisigaba segesi ngokubonelela omnye wale misebenzi ilandelayo:
●Abaqulunqi beempawu:Ngokuqhelekileyo iikhompawundi ze-phosphorus, ezisusa umthombo wamafutha ekhabhoni kwaye zinike umaleko wokugquma ngokuchasene nobushushu bomlilo.Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubumba i-char:
Ukwalathiswa ngokutsha kokuchaphazeleka kweekhemikhali ezibandakanyekayo ekuboleni kulungiselelwa ukuvela kwekhabhoni kuneCO okanye iCO2 kunye
Ukuqulunqwa komgangatho ongaphezulu we-char ekhuselayo
●Izinto zokufunxa ubushushu:Ngokuqhelekileyo i-hydrates zetsimbi, ezifana ne-aluminium trihydrate okanye i-magnesium hydroxide, esusa ubushushu ngokuphuma kwamanzi kwisakhiwo se-flame retardant.
●Izicimi zomlilo:Ngokuqhelekileyo iinkqubo ze-halogen ezisekelwe kwi-bromine okanye i-chlorine eziphazamisa ukusabela kwilangatye.
● Synergists:Ngokuqhelekileyo iikhompawundi ze-antimony, eziphucula ukusebenza kwe-flame quencher.
Ukubaluleka kweeRetardants zeFlame kuKhuseleko loMlilo
Iiretadants zomlilo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokukhusela umlilo njengoko zinganciphisi kuphela umngcipheko wokuqalisa umlilo, kodwa kunye nokusabalalisa kwawo.Oku kwandisa ixesha lokubaleka kwaye, ngoko, kukhusela abantu, ipropati, kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuseka i-adhesive njenge-retardant yomlilo.Masiqonde ulwahlulo lwee-flame retardants ngokweenkcukacha.
Imfuno yezinto zokuncamathelisa ezithintela umlilo ziyanda kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwanda ukuya kwiqela lamacandelo oshishino ahlukeneyo imizekelo equka i-aerospace, ulwakhiwo, i-electronics kunye nezithuthi zikawonke-wonke (ingakumbi oololiwe).
I-1: Ke, enye yeenqobo ezicacileyo ezingundoqo kukumelana nedangatye / ukungatshi okanye, ngcono ngakumbi, ukunqanda amadangatye - ukunqanda umlilo ngokufanelekileyo.
I-2: I-adhesive ayifanele ikhuphe umsi omninzi okanye onetyhefu.
I-3: I-adhesive idinga ukugcina ingqibelelo yayo yesakhiwo kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu (ube nokumelana nokushisa okufanelekileyo kunokwenzeka).
I-4: I-adhesive material ebolileyo ayifanele iqulethe i-toxic by-products.
Kujongeka njengomyalelo omde wokuza nento encamathelayo enokuthi ihambelane nezi mfuno - kwaye okwangoku, i-viscosity, umbala, isantya sonyango kunye nendlela ekhethwayo enyangwayo, ukuzaliswa kwesithuba, ukusebenza kwamandla, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal, kunye nokupakishwa akukabikho kwaukubakho. ziqwalaselwe.Kodwa iikhemisti zophuhliso zonwabela umceli mngeni olungileyo ke YIZISE!
Imimiselo yokusingqongileyo ithande ukuba kushishino nakummandla ngokuthe ngqo
Iqela elikhulu lee-retardants ezifundwayo zomlilo zifunyenwe zinesimo esihle sendalo kunye nempilo.Zezi:
● I-ammonium polyphosphate
● I-aluminiyam i-diethylphosphinate
● Ialuminiyam hydroxide
● I-Magnesium hydroxide
● I-melamine polyphosphate
● I-Dihydrooxaphosphaphenanthrene
● I-zinc stannate
● I-Zinc hydroxstannate
Ukusilela komlilo
Izinto ezincamathelayo zinokuphuhliswa ukuze zihambelane nomlinganiselo wokutyibilika wokulibaziseka komlilo – nazi iinkcukacha zokuhlelwa koVavanyo lweLebhu ye-Underwriters.Njengabavelisi abancamathelayo, sibona izicelo ikakhulu ze-UL94 V-0 kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ze-HB.
UL94
● HB: ukutshisa kancinane kwisampulu ethe tye.Izinga lokutshisa <76mm/min ngenxa yobunzima <3mm okanye ukutshisa kuyayeka phambi kwe-100mm
● I-V-2: (ethe nkqo) iyayeka ukutshisa kwimizuzwana engama-30 kwaye naziphi na iidriphu zinokuvutha.
● I-V-1: (ethe nkqo) iyayeka ukutshisa kwi-<30 imizuzwana, kwaye iidrip zivumelekile (kodwa kufunekahayiuyavutha)
● I-V-0 (ethe nkqo) iyayeka ukutshisa ngemizuzwana eyi-10, kunye ne-drip ivumelekile (kodwa kufunekahayiuyavutha)
● I-5VB (i-plaque specimen ethe nkqo) iyayeka ukutshisa kwi-<60 imizuzwana, akukho drips;umzekeliso unokuvelisa umngxuma.
● I-5VA njengasentla kodwa ayivumelekanga ukuba iphuhlise umngxuma.
Ukuhlelwa kokugqibela kubini kuya kubhekiselele kwiphaneli ebotshiweyo endaweni yesampulu yokuncamathelisa.
Uvavanyo lulula kakhulu kwaye alufuni zixhobo ziphucukileyo, nalu uvavanyo olusisiseko lokuseta:
Kunokuba nzima ukwenza olu vavanyo kwezinye izinto zokuncamathelisa zodwa.Ingakumbi kwizinto zokuncamathelisa ezingayi kunyangeka kakuhle ngaphandle kwendawo edibeneyo.Kule meko, unokuvavanya kuphela phakathi kwee-substrates ezidibeneyo.Nangona kunjalo, iglue ye-epoxy kunye ne-UV encamathelayo inokunyangwa njengomzekelo oqinileyo wovavanyo.Emva koko, faka isampuli yovavanyo kwimihlathi yesigxina se-clamp.Gcina ibhakethi yesanti kufutshane, kwaye sicebisa ngamandla ukwenza oku phantsi kokutsalwa okanye kwikhabhathi yomsi.Sukuzicima iialam zomsi!Ingakumbi abo badityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkonzo zikaxakeka.Bamba umfuziselo emlilweni kunye nexesha elithatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ilangatye licime.Khangela naziphi na iidriphu ngaphantsi (ngethemba, unetreyi elahlayo kwindawo; kungenjalo, bye-bye i-worktop entle).
Iikhemisti ezincamathelayo zidibanisa inani lezongezo zokwenza izinto zokuncamathelisa ezithintela umlilo - kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zide zicime amadangatye (nangona olu phawu lunzima ukufezekiswa kule mihla kunye nabavelisi bempahla abaninzi ngoku bacela ukwakhiwa kwe-halogen-free).
Izongezo zokuncamathisela ezinokumelana nomlilo zibandakanya
● Iikhompawundi ze-organ ezenza i-char-forming ezinceda ukuthoba ubushushu kunye nomsi kwaye zikhusele izinto ezingaphantsi ekutshiseni ngakumbi.
● Izithambisi zokushisa, ezi zii-hydrate zetsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezinceda ukunika i-adhesive iimpawu ezinkulu zokushisa (kaninzi, i-adhesives ye-retardant ye-fire retardant ikhethwa kwizicelo zokudibanisa i-heat sink apho kufuneka i-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal).
Lulungelelwano olucokisekileyo njengoko ezi zongezo ziya kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwezinye iimpawu zokuncamathelisa njengamandla, i-rheology, isantya sokunyanga, ukuguquguquka njl.
Ngaba kukho umahluko phakathi kwezinto zokuncamathelisa ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomlilo kunye nezinto ezincamathelayo ezingacimi umlilo?
Ewe!Nantsi lapho.Omabini la magama abhalwe phantsi kweli nqaku, kodwa okona kulungileyo ukulilungisa ibali.
Izinto zokuncamathelisa ezinokumelana nomlilo
ezi zihlala ziyimveliso ezifana neesamente ezincamathelayo ezingaphiliyo kunye nezitywini.Azitshi kwaye ziyamelana namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo.Izicelo zezi ntlobo zeemveliso zibandakanya, ii-oveni eziqhumayo, ii-oveni njl.njlKodwa benza umsebenzi omkhulu wokubamba zonke iintsimbi ezivuthayo kunye.
Izinto zokuncamathelisa ezithintela umlilo
Oku kunceda ukucima amadangatye kwaye kucothise ukusasazeka komlilo.
Amashishini amaninzi afuna ezi ntlobo zokuncamathelisa
● Ezombane- ukwenzela i-potting kunye ne-encapsulating electronics, i-bonding heat sinks, iibhodi zeesekethe njl.Kodwa ii-PCB ziqulethe iikhompawundi ezithintela umlilo - kudla ngokubalulekileyo ukuba izinto zokuncamathelisa zibe nazo ezi mpawu.
● Ukwakha- i-cladding kunye ne-flooring (ingakumbi kwiindawo zikawonkewonke) kufuneka zingatshi kwaye ziboshwe nge-adhesive retardant fire.
● Izithuthi zikawonke-wonke- iikhareji zikaloliwe, iibhasi zangaphakathi, iitram njl.njl. Izicelo zokuncamathelisa i-Flame retardant ziquka iiphaneli ezidityanisiweyo ezidityanisiweyo, umgangatho, kunye nezinye izixhobo kunye nokufakwa.Izinto ezincamathelayo azipheleli nje ekuncedeni ukunqanda ukusasazeka komlilo.Kodwa babonelela ngokudityaniswa kobuhle ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungabukeki (kunye ne-rattly) izibophelelo zoomatshini.
● Iinqwelo-moya- njengoko kukhankanywe ngaphambili, izinto zangaphakathi ze-cabin ziphantsi kwemimiselo engqongqo.Kufuneka zithintele umlilo kwaye zingagcwalisi indlwana ngomsi omnyama ngexesha lomlilo.
Imigangatho kunye neendlela zoVavanyo lweeRetardants zeFlame
Imigangatho enxulumene nokuvavanywa komlilo ijolise ekumiseleni ukusebenza kwezinto ngokubhekiselele kwilangatye, umsi, kunye netyhefu (FST).Iimvavanyo ezininzi ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukumisela ukuxhathisa kwemathiriyeli kwezi meko.
Iimvavanyo ezikhethiweyo zeeRetardants zeFlame
| Ukumelana nokutshiswa | |
| I-ASTM D635 | “Ixabiso lokutshiswa kwePlastiki” |
| I-ASTM E162 | "Ukutsha kwezinto zePlastiki" |
| UL 94 | "Ukutsha kwezinto zePlastiki" |
| ISO 5657 | "Ukungabi namsebenzi kweemveliso zokwakha" |
| BS 6853 | "Ukusasaza amadangatye" |
| FAR 25.853 | “UMgangatho woBumemo bomoya – iNdawo yangaphakathi yeCandelo” |
| NF T 51-071 | "Isalathiso seOxygen" |
| NF C 20-455 | "Uvavanyo locingo olukhanyayo" |
| DIN 53438 | "Ukusasaza amadangatye" |
| Ukuchasa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu | |
| BS 476 Icandelo 7 | "Ukusasazeka koMphezulu woMlilo-Izixhobo zokwakha" |
| DIN 4172 | “Iindlela Zokuvutha Kwezinto Zokwakha” |
| I-ASTM E648 | “Izigqubuthelo zoMgangatho-Iphaneli eRadiant” |
| Ubutyhefu | |
| SMP 800C | “Uvavanyo Lwetyhefu” |
| BS 6853 | "Ukukhutshwa komsi" |
| NF X 70-100 | “Uvavanyo Lwetyhefu” |
| ATS 1000.01 | "Ukuxinana komsi" |
| Isizukulwana soMsi | |
| BS 6401 | "Ukuxinana okuthe ngqo koMsi womsi" |
| BS 6853 | "Ukukhutshwa komsi" |
| I-NES 711 | "Isalathiso soMsi seeMveliso zokutsha" |
| I-ASTM D2843 | "Ukuxinana komsi kwiPlastiki evuthayo" |
| ISO CD5659 | "Ukuxinana okuKhethekileyo kokuNxinana-Isizukulwana soMsi" |
| ATS 1000.01 | "Ukuxinana komsi" |
| DIN 54837 | “Isizukulwana Somsi” |
Uvavanyo lokumelana nokutshiswa
Kwiimvavanyo ezininzi ezilinganisa ukuchasana nokutshisa, i-adhesives efanelekileyo yizo ezingaqhubekiyo ukutshisa naliphi na ixesha elibalulekileyo emva kokususwa komthombo wokutshisa.Kwezi mvavanyo isampuli encamatheleyo enyangisiweyo inokutshiswa ngokuzimeleyo kuyo nayiphi na i-adherend (i-adhesive ivavanywa njengefilimu yasimahla).
Nangona le ndlela ayifanisi ubunyani obusebenzayo, ibonelela ngedatha eluncedo malunga nokuxhathisa okuhambelana nokuncamathelisa ukutshisa.
Ulwakhiwo lwesampulu olunamathelisa kunye nokuncamathela nalo lungavavanywa.Ezi ziphumo zinokuthi zibonise ngakumbi ukusebenza kwe-adhesive kumlilo wangempela kuba igalelo elinikezelwa ngokubambelela linokuba lihle okanye libi.
UL-94 Uvavanyo lokutshisa okuthe nkqo
Ibonelela ngovavanyo lokuqala lokutsha okunxulumene nokutsha kunye nokuthontsiza kweepholima ezisetyenziswa kwisixhobo sombane, izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zombane, kunye nezinye izicelo.Ijongana neempawu zokuphela kokusetyenziswa komlilo, izinga lokutsha, ukusasazeka kwedangatye, igalelo lamafutha, ubunzulu bokutsha, kunye neemveliso zokutsha.
Ukusebenza kunye nokuSeta - Kolu vavanyo ifilimu okanye isampuli ye-substrate egqunyiweyo ixhonywe ngokuthe nkqo kwidrafti evaliweyo yasimahla.Isitshisi sibekwe phantsi kwesampulu imizuzwana eyi-10 kwaye ixesha lomlilo libekiwe.Nakuphi na ukuthontsiza okutshisa umqhaphu wotyando obekwe ii-intshi ezili-12 ngaphantsi kwesampulu kuyaqatshelwa.
Uvavanyo luneendidi ezininzi:
94 V-0: Akukho mzekelo unokutsha okudangazelayo ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana eyi-10 emva kokutshiswa.Iisampulu azitshi zide zifike kwindawo yokubamba, zithontsize kwaye zilumeke umqhaphu, okanye zibe nomlilo ovuthayo oqhubeka imizuzwana engama-30 emva kokususwa kwedangatye lovavanyo.
94 V-1: Akukho sampuli iya kutsha ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana engama-30 emva kokulayita ngakunye.Iisampulu azitshi zide zifike kwindawo yokubamba, zithontsize kwaye zilumeke umqhaphu, okanye zibe nokukhanya okungaphaya kwemizuzwana engama-60.
94 V-2: Oku kubandakanya inqobo efanayo kunye no-V-1, ngaphandle kokuba iisampuli zivumelekile ukuba zivuze kwaye zilayite umqhaphu ongaphantsi komzekelo.
Ezinye iziCwangciso zoMlinganiso wokuChasa ukutshisa
Enye indlela yokulinganisa ukuchaswa kokutshisa kwezinto kukulinganisa i-oxygen indexing index (LOI).I-LOI yeyona nto incinci yoxinaniso lweoksijini ebonakaliswa njengomthamo wepesenti yomxube weoksijini kunye nenitrogen exhasa nje ukutsha okudangazelayo kwezinto ekuqaleni kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.
Ukumelana ne-adhesive kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwimeko yomlilo kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngaphandle kwedangatye, umsi, kunye nemiphumo yetyhefu.Ngokuqhelekileyo i-substrate iya kukhusela i-adhesive emlilweni.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-adhesive iyancipha okanye iyancipha ngenxa yeqondo lokushisa lomlilo, umdibaniso unokungaphumeleli obangela ukuhlukana kwe-substrate kunye ne-adhesive.Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, i-adhesive ngokwayo ibonakala kunye ne-substrate yesibini.Le miphezulu mitsha ke inokuba negalelo ngakumbi emlilweni.
Igumbi lokuxinana komsi le-NIST (ASTM D2843, BS 6401) lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuwo onke amacandelo oshishino ukumisela umsi owenziwe ngezinto eziqinileyo kunye neendibano ezifakwe kwindawo ethe nkqo ngaphakathi kwegumbi elivaliweyo.Ubuninzi bomsi bulinganiswa nge-optically.
Xa i-adhesive is sandwiched between two substrates, ukumelana nomlilo kunye ne-thermal conductivity ye-substrates ilawula ukubola kunye nokukhutshwa komsi we-adhesive.
Kwiimvavanyo zokuxinana komsi, i-adhesives inokuvavanywa yodwa njenge-coating yamahhala ukunyanzelisa imeko embi kakhulu.
Fumana iBanga elifanelekileyo leFlame Retardant
Jonga uluhlu olubanzi lwamadangatye abuyiswayo akhoyo kwimarike namhlanje, hlalutya idatha yobugcisa yemveliso nganye, fumana uncedo lobugcisa okanye ucele iisampulu.
TF-101, TF-201, TF-AMP
